View source for PowerDNS: Sambungan ke MySQL

Chapter 4. Basic setup: configuring database connectivity

Table of Contents

1. Example: configuring MySQL
1.1. Common problems
This chapter shows you how to configure the Generic MySQL backend, which we like a lot. But feel free to use any of the myriad other backends. This backend is called 'gmysql', and needs to be configured in pdns.conf. Add the following lines, adjusted for your local setup:

	launch=gmysql
	gmysql-host=127.0.0.1
	gmysql-user=root
	gmysql-dbname=pdns
	gmysql-password=mysecretpassword
      
Remove any earlier launch statements. Also remove the bind-example-zones statement as the bind module is no longer launched.

[Warning]	Warning
Make sure that you can actually resolve the hostname of your database without accessing the database! It is advised to supply an IP address here to prevent chicken/egg problems!

[Warning]	Warning
Be very very sure that you configure the *g*mysql backend and not the mysql backend. See Section 3, “Generic MySQL and PgSQL backends”. If you use the 'mysql' backend things will only appear to work. (The 'mysql' backend was removed in version 3.1).

Now start PDNS using the monitor command:

	# /etc/init.d/pdns monitor
	(...)
	15:31:30 About to create 3 backend threads
	15:31:30 [gMySQLbackend] Failed to connect to database: Error: Unknown database 'pdns'
	15:31:30 [gMySQLbackend] Failed to connect to database: Error: Unknown database 'pdns'
	15:31:30 [gMySQLbackend] Failed to connect to database: Error: Unknown database 'pdns'
      
This is as to be expected - we did not yet add anything to MySQL for PDNS to read from. At this point you may also see other errors which indicate that PDNS either could not find your MySQL server or was unable to connect to it. Fix these before proceeding.

General MySQL knowledge is assumed in this chapter, please do not interpret these commands as DBA advice!

1. Example: configuring MySQL

1.1. Common problems
Connect to MySQL as a user with sufficient privileges and issue the following commands:

 CREATE TABLE domains (
   id                    INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
   name                  VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
   master                VARCHAR(128) DEFAULT NULL,
   last_check            INT DEFAULT NULL,
   type                  VARCHAR(6) NOT NULL,
   notified_serial       INT DEFAULT NULL,
   account               VARCHAR(40) DEFAULT NULL,
   PRIMARY KEY (id)
 ) Engine=InnoDB;
 CREATE UNIQUE INDEX name_index ON domains(name);

 CREATE TABLE records (
   id                    INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
   domain_id             INT DEFAULT NULL,
   name                  VARCHAR(255) DEFAULT NULL,
   type                  VARCHAR(10) DEFAULT NULL,
   content               VARCHAR(64000) DEFAULT NULL,
   ttl                   INT DEFAULT NULL,
   prio                  INT DEFAULT NULL,
   change_date           INT DEFAULT NULL,
   disabled              TINYINT(1) DEFAULT 0,
   ordername             VARCHAR(255) BINARY DEFAULT NULL,
   auth                  TINYINT(1) DEFAULT 1,
   PRIMARY KEY (id)
 ) Engine=InnoDB;
 CREATE INDEX nametype_index ON records(name,type);
 CREATE INDEX domain_id ON records(domain_id);
 CREATE INDEX recordorder ON records (domain_id, ordername);

 CREATE TABLE supermasters (
   ip                    VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
   nameserver            VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
   account               VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL,
   PRIMARY KEY (ip, nameserver)
 ) Engine=InnoDB;

 CREATE TABLE comments (
   id                    INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
   domain_id             INT NOT NULL,
   name                  VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
   type                  VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL,
   modified_at           INT NOT NULL,
   account               VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL,
   comment               VARCHAR(64000) NOT NULL,
   PRIMARY KEY (id)
 ) Engine=InnoDB;
 CREATE INDEX comments_domain_id_idx ON comments (domain_id);
 CREATE INDEX comments_name_type_idx ON comments (name, type);
 CREATE INDEX comments_order_idx ON comments (domain_id, modified_at);

 CREATE TABLE domainmetadata (
   id                    INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
   domain_id             INT NOT NULL,
   kind                  VARCHAR(32),
   content               TEXT,
   PRIMARY KEY (id)
 ) Engine=InnoDB;
 CREATE INDEX domainmetadata_idx ON domainmetadata (domain_id, kind);

 CREATE TABLE cryptokeys (
   id                    INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
   domain_id             INT NOT NULL,
   flags                 INT NOT NULL,
   active                BOOL,
   content               TEXT,
   PRIMARY KEY(id)
 ) Engine=InnoDB;
 CREATE INDEX domainidindex ON cryptokeys(domain_id);


 CREATE TABLE tsigkeys (
   id                    INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
   name                  VARCHAR(255),
   algorithm             VARCHAR(50),
   secret                VARCHAR(255),
   PRIMARY KEY (id)
 ) Engine=InnoDB;
 CREATE UNIQUE INDEX namealgoindex ON tsigkeys(name, algorithm);

Now we have a database and an empty table. PDNS should now be able to launch in monitor mode and display no errors:

 # /etc/init.d/pdns monitor
 (...)
 15:31:30 PowerDNS 1.99.0 (Mar 12 2002, 15:00:28) starting up
 15:31:30 About to create 3 backend threads
 15:39:55 [gMySQLbackend] MySQL connection succeeded
 15:39:55 [gMySQLbackend] MySQL connection succeeded
 15:39:55 [gMySQLbackend] MySQL connection succeeded
	
A sample query sent to the database should now return quickly without data:

 $ host www.example.com 127.0.0.1
 www.example.com A record currently not present at localhost
	
And indeed, the control console now shows:

  Mar 12 15:41:12 We're not authoritative for 'www.example.com', sending unauth normal response
	
Now we need to add some records to our database:

  # mysql pdnstest
  mysql> INSERT INTO domains (name, type) values ('example.com', 'NATIVE');
  INSERT INTO records (domain_id, name, content, type,ttl,prio) 
  VALUES (1,'example.com','localhost ahu@ds9a.nl 1','SOA',86400,NULL);
  INSERT INTO records (domain_id, name, content, type,ttl,prio)
  VALUES (1,'example.com','dns-us1.powerdns.net','NS',86400,NULL);
  INSERT INTO records (domain_id, name, content, type,ttl,prio)
  VALUES (1,'example.com','dns-eu1.powerdns.net','NS',86400,NULL);
  INSERT INTO records (domain_id, name, content, type,ttl,prio)
  VALUES (1,'www.example.com','192.0.2.10','A',120,NULL);
  INSERT INTO records (domain_id, name, content, type,ttl,prio)
  VALUES (1,'mail.example.com','192.0.2.12','A',120,NULL);
  INSERT INTO records (domain_id, name, content, type,ttl,prio)
  VALUES (1,'localhost.example.com','127.0.0.1','A',120,NULL);
  INSERT INTO records (domain_id, name, content, type,ttl,prio)
  VALUES (1,'example.com','mail.example.com','MX',120,25);

[Warning]	Warning
Host names and the MNAME of a SOA records are NEVER terminated with a '.' in PowerDNS storage! If a trailing '.' is present it will inevitably cause problems, problems that may be hard to debug.

If we now requery our database, www.example.com should be present:

  $ host www.example.com 127.0.0.1
  www.example.com        	A	192.0.2.10
	  
	  $ host -v -t mx example.com 127.0.0.1
	  Address: 127.0.0.1
	  Aliases: localhost

	  Query about example.com for record types MX
	  Trying example.com ...
	  Query done, 1 answer, authoritative status: no error
	  example.com            	120	IN	MX	25 mail.example.com
	  Additional information:
	  mail.example.com       	120	IN	A	192.0.2.12
	
To confirm what happened, issue the command SHOW * to the control console:

	  % show *
	  corrupt-packets=0,latency=0,packetcache-hit=2,packetcache-miss=5,packetcache-size=0,
	  qsize-a=0,qsize-q=0,servfail-packets=0,tcp-answers=0,tcp-queries=0,
	  timedout-packets=0,udp-answers=7,udp-queries=7,
	  % 
	
The actual numbers will vary somewhat. Now enter QUIT and start PDNS as a regular daemon, and check launch status:

  # /etc/init.d/pdns start 
  pdns: started
  # /etc/init.d/pdns status
  pdns: 8239: Child running
  # /etc/init.d/pdns dump  
  pdns: corrupt-packets=0,latency=0,packetcache-hit=0,packetcache-miss=0,
  packetcache-size=0,qsize-a=0,qsize-q=0,servfail-packets=0,tcp-answers=0,
  tcp-queries=0,timedout-packets=0,udp-answers=0,udp-queries=0,
	
You now have a working database driven nameserver! To convert other zones already present, use the zone2sql described in Appendix A.

1.1. Common problems

Most problems involve PDNS not being able to connect to the database.

 Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
 Your MySQL installation is probably defaulting to another location for its socket. Can be resolved by figuring out this location (often /var/run/mysqld.sock), and specifying it in the configuration file with the gmysql-socket parameter.

Another solution is to not connect to the socket, but to 127.0.0.1, which can be achieved by specifying gmysql-host=127.0.0.1.

 Host 'x.y.z.w' is not allowed to connect to this MySQL server
 These errors are generic MySQL errors. Solve them by trying to connect to your MySQL database with the MySQL console utility mysql with the parameters specified to PDNS. Consult the MySQL documentation.

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==Referensi==

* http://downloads.powerdns.com/documentation/html/configuring-db-connection.html#configuring-mysql