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		<title>Onnowpurbo: /* Case Study: OSPFv3 on NBMA Networks */</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://lms.onnocenter.or.id/wiki/index.php?title=IPv6:_OSPFv3_Konfigurasi&amp;diff=55990&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2019-03-24T02:10:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Case Study: OSPFv3 on NBMA Networks&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://lms.onnocenter.or.id/wiki/index.php?title=IPv6:_OSPFv3_Konfigurasi&amp;amp;diff=55990&amp;amp;oldid=55989&quot;&gt;Show changes&lt;/a&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Onnowpurbo</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://lms.onnocenter.or.id/wiki/index.php?title=IPv6:_OSPFv3_Konfigurasi&amp;diff=55989&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Onnowpurbo at 02:04, 24 March 2019</title>
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		<updated>2019-03-24T02:04:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;a href=&quot;https://lms.onnocenter.or.id/wiki/index.php?title=IPv6:_OSPFv3_Konfigurasi&amp;amp;diff=55989&amp;amp;oldid=55839&quot;&gt;Show changes&lt;/a&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Onnowpurbo</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://lms.onnocenter.or.id/wiki/index.php?title=IPv6:_OSPFv3_Konfigurasi&amp;diff=55839&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Onnowpurbo: Created page with &quot;Configuring OSPFv3 The configuration options of OSPFv3 are the same as those for OSPFv2. Process IDs and areas need to be specified. Interfaces and addresses need to be includ...&quot;</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://lms.onnocenter.or.id/wiki/index.php?title=IPv6:_OSPFv3_Konfigurasi&amp;diff=55839&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2019-03-18T01:52:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Created page with &amp;quot;Configuring OSPFv3 The configuration options of OSPFv3 are the same as those for OSPFv2. Process IDs and areas need to be specified. Interfaces and addresses need to be includ...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;Configuring OSPFv3&lt;br /&gt;
The configuration options of OSPFv3 are the same as those for OSPFv2.&lt;br /&gt;
Process IDs and areas need to be specified. Interfaces and addresses&lt;br /&gt;
need to be included in the process. Areas can be defined as stubs, totally&lt;br /&gt;
stubby or not so stubby area (NSSA). Prefixes can be summarized&lt;br /&gt;
between areas. OSPFv3 can be configured over demand circuits and on&lt;br /&gt;
NBMA networks. Much of the configuration for OSPFv3 is the same as&lt;br /&gt;
for OSPFv2. An IPv6 keyword is added in some cases, and an IPv6&lt;br /&gt;
prefix or address is used in place of the IPv4 subnet or address. This&lt;br /&gt;
section contains case studies that show the OSPFv3 configurations that&lt;br /&gt;
are different from OSPFv2 and some that are very similar, but need to be&lt;br /&gt;
emphasized.&lt;br /&gt;
Case Study: A Basic OSPFv3 Configuration&lt;br /&gt;
The configuration of OSPFv3 is similar to OSPFv2 with two exceptions.&lt;br /&gt;
Recall from Chapter 8 that to configure OSPFv2 on a router and an&lt;br /&gt;
interface, you first create the OSPF process using the router ospf&lt;br /&gt;
command. Then, you specify address ranges that encompass interface&lt;br /&gt;
addresses that are to participate in OSPF, using the network area&lt;br /&gt;
command. The interfaces configured with IPv4 addresses that fall within&lt;br /&gt;
the address range specified with the network area command participate&lt;br /&gt;
in OSPFv2. If an interface has an IPv4 address that is not part of the&lt;br /&gt;
address range, that interface, or that address (if there is more then one&lt;br /&gt;
IPv4 address on an interface) will not participate in the OSPFv2 process.&lt;br /&gt;
OSPFv3 for IPv6 is enabled by specifying an OSPF process ID and an&lt;br /&gt;
area at the interface configuration level. If an OSPFv3 process has not&lt;br /&gt;
yet been created, it is created automatically. All IPv6 addresses&lt;br /&gt;
configured on the interface are included in the specified OSPF process.&lt;br /&gt;
Figure 9-15 displays an OSPFv3 network.&lt;br /&gt;
Figure 9-15. Example of an OSPFv3 network.[View full size image]&lt;br /&gt;
Hedwig&amp;#039;s and Pigwidgeon&amp;#039;s configurations are displayed in Example 9-1&lt;br /&gt;
and Example 9-2.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-1. OSPFv3 is configured on Hedwig with the&lt;br /&gt;
interface command ipv6 ospf 1 area 1.&lt;br /&gt;
interface Serial 0/0&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 address 2001:db8:0:8::1/64&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf 1 area 1&lt;br /&gt;
interface Ethernet0/0&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 address 2001:db8:0:4::1/64&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-2. Pigwidgeon is configured for OSPFv3.&lt;br /&gt;
interface Ethernet 0/0&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 address 2001:db8:0:5::3/64&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0&lt;br /&gt;
interface Serial 0/0ipv6 address 2001:db8:0:10::1/64&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0&lt;br /&gt;
The command ipv6 ospf area enables OSPFv3 on Serial0/0 and&lt;br /&gt;
Ethernet0/0, places Hedwig&amp;#039;s serial interface in area 1 and the Ethernet&lt;br /&gt;
interface in area 0, and creates the OSPFv3 process with ID &amp;#039;1&amp;#039; on the&lt;br /&gt;
router, as shown in Example 9-3. With OSPFv2, two commands are&lt;br /&gt;
required to accomplish the same tasks: the router ospf 1 command&lt;br /&gt;
creates the OSPF process, then the network area command enables&lt;br /&gt;
OSPFv2 on interfaces. One thing to note, though, is that the network&lt;br /&gt;
area command can enable OSPFv2 on multiple interfaces with the single&lt;br /&gt;
command, whereas the ipv6 ospf area command has to be configured&lt;br /&gt;
on each interface that will be running OSPFv3.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-3. show ipv6 protocol displays the OSPF for&lt;br /&gt;
IPv6 process ID and the interfaces configured in each area&lt;br /&gt;
on the router.&lt;br /&gt;
Hedwig#show ipv6 protocol&lt;br /&gt;
IPv6 Routing Protocol is &amp;quot;connected&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
IPv6 Routing Protocol is &amp;quot;static&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
IPv6 Routing Protocol is &amp;quot;ospf 1&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
Interfaces (Area 0):&lt;br /&gt;
Ethernet0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Interfaces (Area 1):&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Redistribution:&lt;br /&gt;
None&lt;br /&gt;
Hedwig#&lt;br /&gt;
All IPv6 addresses on an interface are included in the OSPF process thatis created on the interface. For example, a second IPv6 address is added&lt;br /&gt;
to Hedwig&amp;#039;s Ethernet port in Example 9-4.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-4. A second IPv6 address is added to Hedwig&amp;#039;s&lt;br /&gt;
Ethernet0/0. Both IPv6 addresses are included in the&lt;br /&gt;
OSPFv3 process because OSPFv3 is configured on that&lt;br /&gt;
interface.&lt;br /&gt;
interface Ethernet0/0&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 address 2001:db8:0:4::1/64&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 address 2001:db8:0:5::1/64&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0&lt;br /&gt;
This second address is included automatically in the OSPFv3 process&lt;br /&gt;
that is configured on the interface. No additional OSPFv3 commands&lt;br /&gt;
need to be entered to make the new address part of the routing process.&lt;br /&gt;
IPv6 addresses on an interface cannot be selectively included in&lt;br /&gt;
OSPFv3. Either all the addresses are included, by configuring the&lt;br /&gt;
interface with OSPFv3, or OSPFV3 is not configured on the interface and&lt;br /&gt;
none of the addresses are included.&lt;br /&gt;
OSPFv3 routers use their link-local addresses as the source of hello&lt;br /&gt;
packets. No IPv6 prefix information is contained in hello packets. Multiple&lt;br /&gt;
IPv6 addresses can be configured on a link. None of the addresses are&lt;br /&gt;
defined as secondary addresses, as is done with IPv4 to configure&lt;br /&gt;
multiple addresses on a single link. Two routers will become adjacent&lt;br /&gt;
even if no IPv6 prefix is common between the neighbors except the link-&lt;br /&gt;
local address. This is different from OSPFv2 for IPv4. OSPFv2 neighbors&lt;br /&gt;
will only become adjacent if the neighbors belong to the same IP subnet,&lt;br /&gt;
and the common subnet is configured as the primary IP address on the&lt;br /&gt;
neighboring interfaces. In Figure 9-15, Hedwig is configured with both&lt;br /&gt;
2001:db8:0:4::/64 and 2001:db8:0:5::/64 on its Ethernet interface.&lt;br /&gt;
Pigwidgeon is configured with 2001:db8:0:5::/64 and Crookshanks isconfigured with 2001:db8:0:4::/64 on their Ethernet interfaces. Example&lt;br /&gt;
9-5 shows that Crookshanks is adjacent to both Hedwig (10.1.1.1) and&lt;br /&gt;
Pigwidgeon (10.1.3.1). Pigwidgeon is the backup designated router.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-5. show ipv6 ospf neighbor shows&lt;br /&gt;
Crookshanks&amp;#039;s neighbors are all in the FULL state, even&lt;br /&gt;
though they don&amp;#039;t share a common IPv6 prefix, other then&lt;br /&gt;
the link-local address.&lt;br /&gt;
Crookshanks#show ipv6 ospf neighbor&lt;br /&gt;
Neighbor ID&lt;br /&gt;
10.1.1.1&lt;br /&gt;
10.1.3.1&lt;br /&gt;
Crookshanks#&lt;br /&gt;
Pri&lt;br /&gt;
1&lt;br /&gt;
1&lt;br /&gt;
State&lt;br /&gt;
FULL/DROTHER&lt;br /&gt;
FULL/BDR&lt;br /&gt;
Dead Time&lt;br /&gt;
00:00:30&lt;br /&gt;
00:00:37&lt;br /&gt;
Interface ID&lt;br /&gt;
3&lt;br /&gt;
3&lt;br /&gt;
Other parameters must match between two neighbors before they will&lt;br /&gt;
become adjacent. These parameters are the same as IPv4: The&lt;br /&gt;
neighbors must share the same area id, they must have the same Hello&lt;br /&gt;
interval and dead time, and they both must have the same value in the E-&lt;br /&gt;
bit, indicating whether the area is a stub area or not. An OSPFv3 packet&lt;br /&gt;
must also have the same Instance ID as the receiving interface, or the&lt;br /&gt;
OSPFv3 packets will be dropped. Instance ID will be discussed later in&lt;br /&gt;
this chapter, in the case study, Multiple Instances on a Link.&lt;br /&gt;
OSPFv3 uses a 32-bit number for a Router ID. If IPv4 is configured on&lt;br /&gt;
the router, by default, the RID is chosen in the same way it is by OSPFv2&lt;br /&gt;
for IPv4. The highest IPv4 address configured on a loopback interface&lt;br /&gt;
will become the RID, or if no loopback interfaces are configured, the&lt;br /&gt;
highest address on any other interface will become the RID.&lt;br /&gt;
IPv6 neighbors are always known by their RIDs, unlike IPv4, where point-&lt;br /&gt;
to-point network neighbors are known by RIDs and broadcast, NBMA and&lt;br /&gt;
point-to-multipoint network neighbors are known by their interface IPaddresses. The neighbor IDs shown in Example 9-5 show that the router&lt;br /&gt;
IDs are obtained from configured IPv4 addresses.&lt;br /&gt;
If IPv4 is not configured in the network, and you don&amp;#039;t want to configure&lt;br /&gt;
IPv4 just to establish a router ID, the router ID must be configured using&lt;br /&gt;
the IPv6 OSPF routing process command router-id before the OSPF&lt;br /&gt;
process will start.&lt;br /&gt;
When OSPFv3 is configured on an interface, the routing process is&lt;br /&gt;
created. Interface parameters, such as the cost of a link, are modified at&lt;br /&gt;
the interface configuration, but global parameters are modified at the&lt;br /&gt;
OSPF process level.&lt;br /&gt;
Case Study: Stub Areas&lt;br /&gt;
The ipv6 router ospf command takes you into the global process&lt;br /&gt;
configuration mode, just as router ospf does for IPv4. The same&lt;br /&gt;
configuration customization can be done with IPv6 as with IPv4. Stub,&lt;br /&gt;
NSSA, and totally stubby are supported and configured in the exact same&lt;br /&gt;
way as for OSPFv2 for IPv4, using the area stub, area nssa, and area&lt;br /&gt;
stub no-summary commands. Area 1 in Figure 9-15 is configured as a&lt;br /&gt;
totally stubby area with the configurations in Example 9-6 and Example&lt;br /&gt;
9-7 at Hedwig and Scabbers.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-6. On Hedwig, area 1 is configured as a totally&lt;br /&gt;
stubby area. no-summary is only configured on the ABR.&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 router ospf 1&lt;br /&gt;
area 1 stub no-summary&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-7. Area 1 on Scabbers is also configured as a&lt;br /&gt;
stub because all routers in the stub area must bestub because all routers in the stub area must be&lt;br /&gt;
configured as a stub.&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 router ospf 1&lt;br /&gt;
area 1 stub&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-8 shows Scabbers&amp;#039;s IPv6 route table before area 1 becomes&lt;br /&gt;
totally stubby, and Example 9-9 shows the route table of Scabbers as&lt;br /&gt;
part of the totally stubby area.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-8. The IPv6 route table at Scabbers contains 10&lt;br /&gt;
OSPF entries, all known via Hedwig.&lt;br /&gt;
Scabbers#show ipv6 route&lt;br /&gt;
IPv6 Routing Table - 16 entries&lt;br /&gt;
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP&lt;br /&gt;
U - Per-user Static route&lt;br /&gt;
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - IS&lt;br /&gt;
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 -&lt;br /&gt;
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2&lt;br /&gt;
OI 2001:DB8:0:4::/64 [110/74]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::202:FDFF:FE5A:E40, Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
OI 2001:DB8:0:5::/64 [110/74]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::202:FDFF:FE5A:E40, Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
C&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:8::/64 [0/0]&lt;br /&gt;
via ::, Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
L&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:8::2/128 [0/0]&lt;br /&gt;
via ::, Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
C&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:9::/64 [0/0]&lt;br /&gt;
via ::, Ethernet0/0&lt;br /&gt;
L&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:9::2/128 [0/0]&lt;br /&gt;
via ::, Ethernet0/0&lt;br /&gt;
OI 2001:DB8:0:10::/64 [110/138]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::202:FDFF:FE5A:E40, Serial0/0OI&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:11::/64 [110/138]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::202:FDFF:FE5A:E40,&lt;br /&gt;
OI 2001:DB8:0:12::/64 [110/138]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::202:FDFF:FE5A:E40,&lt;br /&gt;
OI 2001:DB8:0:13::/64 [110/138]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::202:FDFF:FE5A:E40,&lt;br /&gt;
OI 2001:DB8:0:200::/64 [110/138]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::202:FDFF:FE5A:E40,&lt;br /&gt;
OI 2001:DB8:0:201::/64 [110/138]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::202:FDFF:FE5A:E40,&lt;br /&gt;
OI 2001:DB8:0:202::/64 [110/138]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::202:FDFF:FE5A:E40,&lt;br /&gt;
OI 2001:DB8:0:203::/64 [110/138]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::202:FDFF:FE5A:E40,&lt;br /&gt;
L&lt;br /&gt;
FE80::/10 [0/0]&lt;br /&gt;
via ::, Null0&lt;br /&gt;
L&lt;br /&gt;
FF00::/8 [0/0]&lt;br /&gt;
via ::, Null0&lt;br /&gt;
Scabbers#&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-9. As part of a totally stubby area, Scabbers&lt;br /&gt;
now has only a single OSPF entry, the default route.&lt;br /&gt;
Scabbers#show ipv6 route&lt;br /&gt;
IPv6 Routing Table - 7 entries&lt;br /&gt;
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP&lt;br /&gt;
U - Per-user Static route&lt;br /&gt;
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - IS&lt;br /&gt;
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 -via ::, Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
L&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:8::2/128 [0/0]&lt;br /&gt;
via ::, Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
C&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:9::/64 [0/0]&lt;br /&gt;
via ::, Ethernet0/0&lt;br /&gt;
L&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:9::2/128 [0/0]&lt;br /&gt;
via ::, Ethernet0/0&lt;br /&gt;
L&lt;br /&gt;
FE80::/10 [0/0]&lt;br /&gt;
via ::, Null0&lt;br /&gt;
L&lt;br /&gt;
FF00::/8 [0/0]&lt;br /&gt;
via ::, Null0&lt;br /&gt;
Scabbers#&lt;br /&gt;
Case Study: Multiple Instances on a Link&lt;br /&gt;
A new router, Hermes, has been added to the Ethernet segment in&lt;br /&gt;
Figure 9-16. The desired OSPF design is to separate Pigwidgeon&amp;#039;s and&lt;br /&gt;
Hermes&amp;#039;s OSPFv3 traffic from Hedwig&amp;#039;s and Crookshanks&amp;#039;s traffic. As the&lt;br /&gt;
configuration stands, the DR and BDR are chosen among the four&lt;br /&gt;
routers, and each router becomes adjacent with the DR and BDR.&lt;br /&gt;
OSPFv3 Hellos contain a field for an Instance ID. The Instance ID can be&lt;br /&gt;
used to segment the two OSPF processes running on the LAN segment.&lt;br /&gt;
The Instance ID received in a Hello packet must match the Instance ID&lt;br /&gt;
configured on the receiving interface or the Hello packet will be&lt;br /&gt;
discarded. Instance ID 0 is used when none other is specified. By&lt;br /&gt;
configuring Pigwidgeon and Hermes with a different Instance ID than is&lt;br /&gt;
configured on Hedwig and Crookshanks, the desired adjacencies will be&lt;br /&gt;
established.&lt;br /&gt;
Figure 9-16. A new router is added to the network of Figure&lt;br /&gt;
9-15.[View full size image]&lt;br /&gt;
Pigwidgeon&amp;#039;s configuration is modified as displayed in Example 9-10.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-10. Pigwidgeon&amp;#039;s Instance ID is modified from&lt;br /&gt;
the default of 0 to create a distinct OSPF process on the&lt;br /&gt;
Ethernet.&lt;br /&gt;
interface Ethernet 0/0&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 address 2001:db8:0:5::3/64&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf 1 area 0 instance 1&lt;br /&gt;
Pigwidgeon&amp;#039;s Instance ID is changed from the default of 0 to 1. Hedwig&lt;br /&gt;
and Crookshanks continue to use the default Instance ID of zero. Hermes&lt;br /&gt;
is configured similarly to Pigwidgeon to use instance ID 1. Looking at the&lt;br /&gt;
IPv6 OSPF configuration running on Hermes&amp;#039;s Ethernet0/0 interface,&lt;br /&gt;
shown in Example 9-11, only Pigwidgeon (10.1.3.1) is adjacent.&lt;br /&gt;
Although multiple OSPFv3 processes can run on a router, only a single&lt;br /&gt;
process or instance can run on an interface.process or instance can run on an interface.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-11. Hermes&amp;#039;s IPv6 OSPF Ethernet interface&lt;br /&gt;
configuration shows that Pigwidgeon, the only other router&lt;br /&gt;
on the Ethernet segment using instance ID 1, is adjacent.&lt;br /&gt;
Hermes#show ipv6 ospf interface ethernet 0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Ethernet0/0 is up, line protocol is up&lt;br /&gt;
Link Local Address FE80::206:28FF:FEB6:5BC0, Interface ID 3&lt;br /&gt;
Area 0, Process ID 1, Instance ID 1, Router ID 10.1.5.1&lt;br /&gt;
Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 10&lt;br /&gt;
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1&lt;br /&gt;
Designated Router (ID) 10.1.5.1, local address FE80::206:28FF&lt;br /&gt;
Backup Designated router (ID) 10.1.3.1, local address FE80::2&lt;br /&gt;
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retra&lt;br /&gt;
Hello due in 00:00:09&lt;br /&gt;
Index 1/1/1, flood queue length 0&lt;br /&gt;
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)/0x0(0)&lt;br /&gt;
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 4&lt;br /&gt;
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec&lt;br /&gt;
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1&lt;br /&gt;
Adjacent with neighbor 10.1.3.1 (Backup Designated Router)&lt;br /&gt;
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)&lt;br /&gt;
Hermes#&lt;br /&gt;
Case Study: OSPFv3 on NBMA Networks&lt;br /&gt;
OSPFv3 on NBMA networks has the same configuration options as does&lt;br /&gt;
OSPFv2, that is, the network, from OSPF&amp;#039;s point of view, can remain&lt;br /&gt;
NBMA, can be configured as broadcast or point-to-multipoint, or point-to-&lt;br /&gt;
point networks can be configured using subinterfaces. Point-to-point links&lt;br /&gt;
are straightforward to configure. They are configured the same way asrouters connected directly via serial links. Hedwig and Scabbers, in the&lt;br /&gt;
first case study in this chapter, called &amp;quot;A basic OSPFv3 configuration,&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
are configured with directly connected serial links. If these two routers&lt;br /&gt;
were connected with point-to-point Frame-relay subinterfaces, the&lt;br /&gt;
OSPFv3 configuration would remain the same. The NBMA, broadcast,&lt;br /&gt;
and point-to-multipoint networks will be discussed in this section.&lt;br /&gt;
Before OSPFv3 can learn about neighbors, the neighbor addresses that&lt;br /&gt;
OSPF will use must be associated with specific virtual circuits traversing&lt;br /&gt;
the NBMA network. Frame Relay maps are created to identify a remote&lt;br /&gt;
IPv6 address with one of the PVCs connected to the local router. [2]&lt;br /&gt;
Because IPv6 can have multiple addresses configured on a single&lt;br /&gt;
interface, many map statements for each PVC might be required. All&lt;br /&gt;
OSPFv3 packets use the Link-local address as the source address. It is&lt;br /&gt;
also the link-local address that is used as the destination address for&lt;br /&gt;
unicast OSPFv3 packets, and as the next-hop to which to forward a&lt;br /&gt;
packet when routing. At a minimum, therefore, the link-local addresses&lt;br /&gt;
must be mapped. Figure 9-17 shows a Frame Relay network with four&lt;br /&gt;
attached routers.&lt;br /&gt;
[2]&lt;br /&gt;
IPv4 uses Frame Relay inverse ARP to dynamically map addresses. IPv6&amp;#039;s&lt;br /&gt;
functionality to dynamically map addresses to Frame Relay PVCs is not supported in IOS&lt;br /&gt;
at the time of this writing.&lt;br /&gt;
Figure 9-17. Several options exist for configuring OSPFv3&lt;br /&gt;
for IPv6 on this Frame Relay network.&lt;br /&gt;
[View full size image]The first method of configuring the routers for OSPFv3 is to manually&lt;br /&gt;
configure OSPFv3 neighbors. The remote routers&amp;#039; link-local addresses&lt;br /&gt;
are mapped to the correct DLCI, and the IPv6 OSPFv3 neighbors are&lt;br /&gt;
defined, both as part of the interface&amp;#039;s configuration. Skrewt&amp;#039;s&lt;br /&gt;
configuration is shown in Example 9-12.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-12. OSPFv3 neighbors are configured on Skrewt&lt;br /&gt;
manually.&lt;br /&gt;
interface Serial 0/0&lt;br /&gt;
encapsulation frame-relay&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:0:1::1/64&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf 1 area 1&lt;br /&gt;
frame-relay map ipv6 fe80::206:28ff:feb6:5bc0 201&lt;br /&gt;
frame-relay map ipv6 fe80::202:fdff:fe5a:e40 202&lt;br /&gt;
frame-relay map ipv6 fe80::201:42ff:fe79:e500 203&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf neighbor fe80::206:28ff:feb6:5bc0 priority 5&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf neighbor fe80::202:fdff:fe5a:e40 priority 10&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf neighbor fe80::201:42ff:fe79:e500Notice that the Link-local addresses are used in the frame-relay map&lt;br /&gt;
statements and in the ospf neighbor statements. To specify which&lt;br /&gt;
routers are to become the DR and BDR, assign priorities using an&lt;br /&gt;
optional keyword with ipv6 ospf neighbor command.&lt;br /&gt;
Another configuration option is to enable OSPFv3 to dynamically&lt;br /&gt;
discover neighbors. Two configuration items are required: The OSPF&lt;br /&gt;
network gets defined as a broadcast network using the command ipv6&lt;br /&gt;
ospf network broadcast, and the frame-relay map statements are&lt;br /&gt;
configured to forward broadcasts over the PVC using the broadcast&lt;br /&gt;
keyword on the map statement. Skrewt&amp;#039;s configuration changes to&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-13.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-13. Skrewt&amp;#039;s PVCs are configured as broadcast&lt;br /&gt;
PVCs, and the OSPFv3 network running over the Frame&lt;br /&gt;
Relay link is configured as a broadcast network.&lt;br /&gt;
interface Serial 0/0&lt;br /&gt;
encapsulation frame-relay&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:0:1::1/64&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf network broadcast&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf 1 area 1&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf priority 20&lt;br /&gt;
frame-relay map ipv6 fe80::206:28ff:feb6:5bc0 201 broadcast&lt;br /&gt;
frame-relay map ipv6 fe80::202:fdff:fe5a:e40 202 broadcast&lt;br /&gt;
frame-relay map ipv6 fe80::201:42ff:fe79:e500 203 broadcast&lt;br /&gt;
The other routers on the multiaccess network are configured similarly.&lt;br /&gt;
Notice that there is no longer any need to define IPv6 OSPF neighbors. If&lt;br /&gt;
the underlying NBMA network is not fully meshed (a PVC from every&lt;br /&gt;
router to every other router), the DR and BDR must be carefully selected.&lt;br /&gt;
Both the DR and BDRs must have full virtual circuit connectivity to everyother router so the correct adjacencies are formed. Use the interface&lt;br /&gt;
command ipv6 ospf priority to specify a high priority on the router you&lt;br /&gt;
wish to be the DR. This method of assigning the DR is discussed in the&lt;br /&gt;
case study, OSPF on NBMA Networks, in Chapter 8. Example 9-14&lt;br /&gt;
shows Skrewt&amp;#039;s IPv6 OSPF configuration on serial 0/0.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-14. An interface&amp;#039;s OSPFv3 for IPv6 configuration&lt;br /&gt;
is displayed using the show ipv6 ospf interface command.&lt;br /&gt;
Skrewt#show ipv6 ospf interface serial 0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up&lt;br /&gt;
Link Local Address FE80::207:85FF:FE6B:EA20, Interface ID 4&lt;br /&gt;
Area 1, Process ID 1, Instance ID 0, Router ID 1.1.1.1&lt;br /&gt;
Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 64&lt;br /&gt;
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 20&lt;br /&gt;
Designated Router (ID) 1.1.1.1, local address FE80::207:85FF:&lt;br /&gt;
Backup Designated router (ID) 10.1.3.1, local address FE80::2&lt;br /&gt;
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retra&lt;br /&gt;
Hello due in 00:00:08&lt;br /&gt;
Index 1/1/1, flood queue length 0&lt;br /&gt;
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)/0x0(0)&lt;br /&gt;
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 4&lt;br /&gt;
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec&lt;br /&gt;
Neighbor Count is 3, Adjacent neighbor count is 3&lt;br /&gt;
Adjacent with neighbor 10.1.1.23&lt;br /&gt;
Adjacent with neighbor 10.1.3.1 (Backup Designated Router)&lt;br /&gt;
Adjacent with neighbor 192.2.2.9&lt;br /&gt;
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)&lt;br /&gt;
Skrewt#&lt;br /&gt;
Note that the network type is BROADCAST. Also note that the neighbor&lt;br /&gt;
count is 3, and there are 3 adjacent neighbors. This router is the DR, so it&lt;br /&gt;
has become adjacent to all other routers on the network. The neighbors&lt;br /&gt;
that are not DR or BDR, such as Flobberworm, have three neighbors, butonly two adjacent neighbors, as shown in Example 9-15, because routers&lt;br /&gt;
on broadcast networks become adjacent to the DR and BDR only.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-15. With four routers on a broadcast network, a&lt;br /&gt;
non-DR or BDR router will have three neighbors, but only&lt;br /&gt;
be fully adjacent to two of the neighbors.&lt;br /&gt;
Flobberworm#show ipv6 ospf neighbor&lt;br /&gt;
Neighbor ID&lt;br /&gt;
1.1.1.1&lt;br /&gt;
10.1.1.23&lt;br /&gt;
10.1.3.1&lt;br /&gt;
Flobberworm#&lt;br /&gt;
Pri&lt;br /&gt;
20&lt;br /&gt;
1&lt;br /&gt;
15&lt;br /&gt;
State&lt;br /&gt;
FULL/DR&lt;br /&gt;
2WAY/DROTHER&lt;br /&gt;
FULL/BDR&lt;br /&gt;
Dead Time&lt;br /&gt;
00:00:36&lt;br /&gt;
00:00:36&lt;br /&gt;
00:00:37&lt;br /&gt;
Interface ID&lt;br /&gt;
3&lt;br /&gt;
3&lt;br /&gt;
3&lt;br /&gt;
To avoid the DR/BDR election process, the OSPF network type can be&lt;br /&gt;
changed to point-to-multipoint, as can be seen in Skrewt&amp;#039;s modified&lt;br /&gt;
configuration in Example 9-16.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-16. Skrewt&amp;#039;s configuration shows that the PVCs&lt;br /&gt;
continue to broadcast, and that the OSPFv3 network type&lt;br /&gt;
has been changed to point-to-multipoint.&lt;br /&gt;
Interface Serial 0/0&lt;br /&gt;
encapsulation frame-relay&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:0:1::1/64&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf network point-to-multipoint&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf 1 area 1&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf priority 20&lt;br /&gt;
frame-relay map ipv6 fe80::206:28ff:feb6:5bc0 201 broadcast&lt;br /&gt;
frame-relay map ipv6 fe80::202:fdff:fe5a:e40 202 broadcast&lt;br /&gt;
frame-relay map ipv6 fe80::201:42ff:fe79:e500 203 broadcastSkrewt&amp;#039;s IPv6 OSPF interface configuration (Example 9-17) shows that&lt;br /&gt;
the default timers are different for point-to-multipoint networks then they&lt;br /&gt;
are for broadcast networks. Hellos are sent every 30 seconds on point-to-&lt;br /&gt;
multipoint networks and every 10 seconds on broadcast networks. The&lt;br /&gt;
OSPFv3 interface configuration also does not show any DR, and the&lt;br /&gt;
router is adjacent with all three neighbors.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-17. The IPv6 OSPF interface configuration of an&lt;br /&gt;
OSPF point-to-multipoint network is displayed with the&lt;br /&gt;
command show ipv6 ospf interface.&lt;br /&gt;
Skrewt#show ipv6 ospf interface serial 0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up&lt;br /&gt;
Link Local Address FE80::207:85FF:FE6B:EA20, Interface ID 4&lt;br /&gt;
Area 1, Process ID 1, Instance ID 0, Router ID 1.1.1.1&lt;br /&gt;
Network Type POINT_TO_MULTIPOINT, Cost: 64&lt;br /&gt;
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_MULTIPOINT,&lt;br /&gt;
Timer intervals configured, Hello 30, Dead 120, Wait 120, Ret&lt;br /&gt;
Hello due in 00:00:13&lt;br /&gt;
Index 1/1/1, flood queue length 0&lt;br /&gt;
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)/0x0(0)&lt;br /&gt;
Last flood scan length is 2, maximum is 4&lt;br /&gt;
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 4 msec&lt;br /&gt;
Neighbor Count is 3, Adjacent neighbor count is 3&lt;br /&gt;
Adjacent with neighbor 10.1.1.23&lt;br /&gt;
Adjacent with neighbor 10.1.3.1&lt;br /&gt;
Adjacent with neighbor 192.2.2.9&lt;br /&gt;
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)&lt;br /&gt;
Skrewt#&lt;br /&gt;
An NBMA network configured as an OSPF point-to-multipoint networkneed not have a full mesh of underlying PVCs. Figure 9-18 shows that&lt;br /&gt;
some PVCs have been removed from the network in Figure 9-17. The&lt;br /&gt;
map statement for DLCI 202 has been removed from Skrewt in Example&lt;br /&gt;
9-18.&lt;br /&gt;
Figure 9-18. The network of Figure 9-17, with some PVCs&lt;br /&gt;
removed.&lt;br /&gt;
[View full size image]&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-18. Skrewt&amp;#039;s Frame Relay configuration maps&lt;br /&gt;
IPv6 addresses to the remaining two PVCs.&lt;br /&gt;
interface Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
no ip address&lt;br /&gt;
encapsulation frame-relay&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:0:1::1/64ipv6 ospf network point-to-multipoint&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf priority 20&lt;br /&gt;
ipv6 ospf 1 area 1&lt;br /&gt;
frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::201:42FF:FE79:E500 203 broadcast&lt;br /&gt;
frame-relay map ipv6 FE80::206:28FF:FEB6:5BC0 201 broadcast&lt;br /&gt;
Hippogriff and the IPv6 prefixes known to Hippogriff are all accessible&lt;br /&gt;
from Skrewt, as can be seen in Skrewt&amp;#039;s IPv6 route table shown in&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-19. Skrewt and Hippogriff are both adjacent to both Thestral&lt;br /&gt;
and Flobberworm, and Hippogriff&amp;#039;s IPv6 serial0/0 IPv6 address,&lt;br /&gt;
2001:db8:0:1::3, in addition to the IPv6 prefixes advertised by Hippogriff,&lt;br /&gt;
are routed to via Skrewt&amp;#039;s serial0/0 interface, and to the next-hop link-&lt;br /&gt;
local addresses FE80::206:28FF:FEB6:5BC0 and&lt;br /&gt;
FE80::201:42FF:FE79:E500.&lt;br /&gt;
Example 9-19. Skrewt&amp;#039;s route table shows that even the&lt;br /&gt;
router that does not have a connected PVC to Skrewt is&lt;br /&gt;
still accessible via the routers that do have connected&lt;br /&gt;
PVCs in the point-to-multipoint network.&lt;br /&gt;
Skrewt#show ipv6 route&lt;br /&gt;
IPv6 Routing Table - 16 entries&lt;br /&gt;
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP&lt;br /&gt;
U - Per-user Static route&lt;br /&gt;
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - IS&lt;br /&gt;
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 -O&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:1::3/128 [110/128]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::206:28FF:FEB6:5BC0,&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::201:42FF:FE79:E500,&lt;br /&gt;
O&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:1::4/128 [110/64]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::201:42FF:FE79:E500,&lt;br /&gt;
O&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:5::/64 [110/74]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::206:28FF:FEB6:5BC0,&lt;br /&gt;
O&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:A::/64 [110/138]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::206:28FF:FEB6:5BC0,&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::201:42FF:FE79:E500,&lt;br /&gt;
O&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:B::/64 [110/138]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::206:28FF:FEB6:5BC0,&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::201:42FF:FE79:E500,&lt;br /&gt;
O&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:C::/64 [110/138]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::206:28FF:FEB6:5BC0,&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::201:42FF:FE79:E500,&lt;br /&gt;
O&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:D::/64 [110/138]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::206:28FF:FEB6:5BC0,&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::201:42FF:FE79:E500,&lt;br /&gt;
O&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:50::/64 [110/74]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::206:28FF:FEB6:5BC0,&lt;br /&gt;
O&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:51::/64 [110/74]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::206:28FF:FEB6:5BC0,&lt;br /&gt;
O&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:52::/64 [110/74]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::206:28FF:FEB6:5BC0,&lt;br /&gt;
O&lt;br /&gt;
2001:DB8:0:53::/64 [110/74]&lt;br /&gt;
via FE80::206:28FF:FEB6:5BC0,&lt;br /&gt;
L&lt;br /&gt;
FE80::/10 [0/0]&lt;br /&gt;
via ::, Null0&lt;br /&gt;
L&lt;br /&gt;
FF00::/8 [0/0]&lt;br /&gt;
via ::, Null0&lt;br /&gt;
Skrewt#&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
Serial0/0&lt;br /&gt;
The IPv6 addresses 2001:db8:0:1::2/64, 2001:db8:0:1::3/64, and&lt;br /&gt;
2001:db8:0:1::4/64, that have been configured on the Frame Relay point-&lt;br /&gt;
to-multipoint interfaces are all advertised by OSPF with 128-bit prefixto-multipoint interfaces are all advertised by OSPF with 128-bit prefix&lt;br /&gt;
lengths. These addresses, along with the other IPv6 prefixes advertised&lt;br /&gt;
by Hippogriff into OSPF, are reachable via the link-local addresses of&lt;br /&gt;
Skrewt&amp;#039;s two adjacent routers.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Pranala Menarik==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[IPv6: Advanced Routing]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Onnowpurbo</name></author>
	</entry>
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