Instalasi KVM: Difference between revisions

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New page: Prerequisites You will need (see download section): * qemu-kvm-release.tar.gz * kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2 (if you want/need to compile kernel modules yourself) * A VT capable...
 
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Prerequisites
==Prasyarat==


You will need (see download section):
kita akan membutuhkan


    * qemu-kvm-release.tar.gz
* qemu-kvm-release.tar.gz
    * kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2 (if you want/need to compile kernel modules yourself)
* kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2 (jika kita membutuhkan untuk mengcompile module itu sendiri)
    * A VT capable Intel processor, or an SVM capable AMD processor
* Intel processor yang punya VT, atau AMD processor dengan kemampuan SVM
    * qemu prerequisites:
* qemu prasyarat:
          o `zlib` libraries and headers
o `zlib` library dan header
          o `SDL` libraries and headers
o `SDL` library dan header
          o `alsa` libraries and headers (optional alsa support: disabled by default but can be enabled with --enable-alsa)
o `alsa` library dan header (optional alsa support: disabled by default but can be enabled with --enable-alsa)
          o `gnutls` libraries and headers (optional VNC TLS support: enabled by default but can be disabled with --disable-vnc-tls)
o `gnutls` libraries and headers (optional VNC TLS support: enabled by default but can be disabled with --disable-vnc-tls)
          o kernel headers (on Fedora, the kernel-devel package)  
o kernel headers (on Fedora, the kernel-devel package)  


On a debian etch system you can install the prerequisites with:
Di Debian etch atau Ubuntu 10.10


  apt-get install gcc libsdl1.2-dev zlib1g-dev libasound2-dev linux-kernel-headers pkg-config libgnutls-dev libpci-dev
  apt-get install gcc libsdl1.2-dev zlib1g-dev libasound2-dev linux-kernel-headers pkg-config libgnutls-dev libpci-dev


Note: When building from git, you also need gawk.
Jika membuat dari git, kita juga akan membutuhkan gawk


Please report problems (and successes) to the mailing list.
==Membuka dan mengkonfigurasi komponen KVM==
[edit]
Unpacking and configuring kvm components


You may wish to take a look at the ["Kernel-optimizations"] page. There exists a [attachment:kvm-26-alt-grab.diff.gz patch] which will change the SDL keygrab combination from ctrl-alt to ctrl-alt-shift. It was written primarily to deal with the heavy use of ctrl-alt-delete in NT-based VMs.
Lakukan


If you are using a recent kernel (2.6.25+) with kvm modules included, boot into it, and:
cp qemu-kvm-0.13.0.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
cd /usr/local/src/
tar zxvf qemu-kvm-0.13.0.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/qemu-kvm-0.13.0/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/kvm
make
sudo make install
sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-intel
# atau: sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-amd


tar xzf qemu-kvm-release.tar.gz
Jika kita menggunakan kernel yang tua, atau kernel dari distribusi tanpa modul KVM, kita harus mengcompile module itu sendiri:
cd qemu-kvm-release
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/kvm
make
sudo make install
sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-intel
# or: sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-amd


If you're using an older kernel, or a kernel from your distribution without the kvm modules, you'll have to compile the modules yourself:
tar xjf kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2
cd kvm-kmod-release
./configure
make
sudo make install
sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-intel
# atau: sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-amd


tar xjf kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2
Catatan: jika souned tidak jalan di VM guest, kita dapat menambahkan --audio-drv-list="alsa oss" ke ./configure seperti di jelaskan di http://www.linux-kvm.com/content/sound-problem-solved
cd kvm-kmod-release
./configure
make
sudo make install
sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-intel
# or: sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-amd


Note: if sound doesn't play in the guest vm you can add --audio-drv-list="alsa oss" to ./configure as explained in http://www.linux-kvm.com/content/sound-problem-solved
==Membuat Disk Image untuk Guest==
[edit]
Creating a disk image for the guest


/usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-img create -f qcow2 vdisk.img 10G  
/usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-img create -f qcow2 vdisk.img 10G  




[edit]
==Install Sistem Operasi Guest==
Installing a guest operating system


sudo /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -hda vdisk.img -cdrom /path/to/boot-media.iso \
sudo /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -hda vdisk.img -cdrom /path/to/boot-media.iso -boot d  -m 384
  -boot d  -m 384


(kvm doesn't make a distinction between i386 and x86_64 so even in i386 you should use `qemu-system-x86_64`)BR
kvm tidak membedakan antara i386 dan x86_64 oleh karenanya meskipun i386 kita harus harus menggunakan `qemu-system-x86_64`)


If you have less than 1GB of memory don't use the -m 384 flag (which allocates 384 MB of RAM for the guest). For computers with 512MB of RAM it's safe to use -m 192, or even -m 128 (the default)
Jika kita mempunyai memory < 1GB jangan menggunakan flag -m 384 (yang akan mengalokasikan RAM 384 MB kepada guest). Untuk komputer dengan RAM 512MB akan aman menggunakan -m 192, atau bahkan -m 128 (default)
[edit]
Running the newly-installed guest


sudo /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 vdisk.img -m 384
==Menjalankan guest yang baru di install==


or a slightly more complicated example, where it is assumed that bridged networking is available on tap0; see ["Kernel-optimizations"] for some setup hints:
sudo /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 vdisk.img -m 384


/usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -hda xp-curr.img -m 512 -soundhw es1370 -no-acpi -snapshot -localtime -boot c -usb -usbdevice tablet -net nic,vlan=0,macaddr=00:00:10:52:37:48 -net tap,vlan=0,ifname=tap0,script=no
atau sedikit rumit, dengan mengasumsikan network bridging tersedia di tap0; lihat ["Kernel-optimizations"] untuk sedikit contoh setup:


(kvm doesn't make a distinction between i386 and x86_64 so even in i386 you should use `qemu-system-x86_64`)
/usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -hda xp-curr.img -m 512 -soundhw es1370 -no-acpi -snapshot -localtime -boot c -usb -usbdevice tablet -net nic,vlan=0,macaddr=00:00:10:52:37:48 -net tap,vlan=0,ifname=tap0,script=no


If you're on Debian Etch, substitute `kvm` for `qemu-system-x86_64` (thanks to fromport, soren and mael_). See also the entries under the label "Ubuntu" on the HOWTO page. qemu-system-x86_64`
(kvm tidak membedakan antara i386 dan x86_64 oleh karenanya i386 sebaiknya menggunakan `qemu-system-x86_64`)
 
Jika kita menggunakan Debian Etch, ganti `kvm` untuk `qemu-system-x86_64`. See also the entries under the label "Ubuntu" on the HOWTO page. qemu-system-x86_64`


If you're on Fedora/RHEL/CentOS (and installed a kvm package and not built kvm yourself from source) then substitute qemu-kvm for qemu-system-x86_64  
If you're on Fedora/RHEL/CentOS (and installed a kvm package and not built kvm yourself from source) then substitute qemu-kvm for qemu-system-x86_64  
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==Referensi==
==Referensi==


* http://sourceforge.net/projects/kvm/files/
* http://www.linux-kvm.org
* http://www.linux-kvm.org
* http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/HOWTO1
* http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/HOWTO1

Latest revision as of 23:58, 7 February 2015

Prasyarat

kita akan membutuhkan

  • qemu-kvm-release.tar.gz
  • kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2 (jika kita membutuhkan untuk mengcompile module itu sendiri)
  • Intel processor yang punya VT, atau AMD processor dengan kemampuan SVM
  • qemu prasyarat:
o `zlib` library dan header
o `SDL` library dan header
o `alsa` library dan header (optional alsa support: disabled by default but can be enabled with --enable-alsa)
o `gnutls` libraries and headers (optional VNC TLS support: enabled by default but can be disabled with --disable-vnc-tls)
o kernel headers (on Fedora, the kernel-devel package)

Di Debian etch atau Ubuntu 10.10 

apt-get install gcc libsdl1.2-dev zlib1g-dev libasound2-dev linux-kernel-headers pkg-config libgnutls-dev libpci-dev

Jika membuat dari git, kita juga akan membutuhkan gawk

Membuka dan mengkonfigurasi komponen KVM

Lakukan 

cp qemu-kvm-0.13.0.tar.gz /usr/local/src/
cd /usr/local/src/
tar zxvf qemu-kvm-0.13.0.tar.gz
cd /usr/local/src/qemu-kvm-0.13.0/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/kvm
make
sudo make install
sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-intel
# atau: sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-amd

Jika kita menggunakan kernel yang tua, atau kernel dari distribusi tanpa modul KVM, kita harus mengcompile module itu sendiri: 

tar xjf kvm-kmod-release.tar.bz2
cd kvm-kmod-release 
./configure
make 
sudo make install 
sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-intel 
# atau: sudo /sbin/modprobe kvm-amd

Catatan: jika souned tidak jalan di VM guest, kita dapat menambahkan --audio-drv-list="alsa oss" ke ./configure seperti di jelaskan di http://www.linux-kvm.com/content/sound-problem-solved

Membuat Disk Image untuk Guest

/usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-img create -f qcow2 vdisk.img 10G


Install Sistem Operasi Guest

sudo /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -hda vdisk.img -cdrom /path/to/boot-media.iso -boot d  -m 384

kvm tidak membedakan antara i386 dan x86_64 oleh karenanya meskipun i386 kita harus harus menggunakan `qemu-system-x86_64`)

Jika kita mempunyai memory < 1GB jangan menggunakan flag -m 384 (yang akan mengalokasikan RAM 384 MB kepada guest). Untuk komputer dengan RAM 512MB akan aman menggunakan -m 192, atau bahkan -m 128 (default)

Menjalankan guest yang baru di install

sudo /usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 vdisk.img -m 384

atau sedikit rumit, dengan mengasumsikan network bridging tersedia di tap0; lihat ["Kernel-optimizations"] untuk sedikit contoh setup: 

/usr/local/kvm/bin/qemu-system-x86_64 -hda xp-curr.img -m 512 -soundhw es1370 -no-acpi -snapshot -localtime -boot c -usb -usbdevice tablet -net nic,vlan=0,macaddr=00:00:10:52:37:48 -net tap,vlan=0,ifname=tap0,script=no

(kvm tidak membedakan antara i386 dan x86_64 oleh karenanya i386 sebaiknya menggunakan `qemu-system-x86_64`)

Jika kita menggunakan Debian Etch, ganti `kvm` untuk `qemu-system-x86_64`. See also the entries under the label "Ubuntu" on the HOWTO page. qemu-system-x86_64`

If you're on Fedora/RHEL/CentOS (and installed a kvm package and not built kvm yourself from source) then substitute qemu-kvm for qemu-system-x86_64


Referensi

Pranala Menarik

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