IPv6: Router Ubuntu: Difference between revisions

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Berikut adalah langkah yang perlu dilakukan untuk membuat sebuah router IPv6 sederhana menggunakan Ubuntu.
 
 
==Akses ke IPv6 Internet==
 
* [[IPv6: teredo]]
* [[IPv6: 6project.org]]
* [[IPv6: TunnelBroker Hurricane Electric]]
 
==Perhitungan Subnet IPv6==
 
* [[IPv6 Address : Perhitungan subnetting IPv6]]
 
 
==NAT IPv6==
 
Jika dibutuhkan, maka netfilter6 dapat digunakan sebagai NAT IPv6.
 
====IPv6 Masquerading====
 
Seperti layaknya client IPv4, maka client dapat di sembunyikan di belakang router dengan IPv6 masquerading (hide/overlap NAT), seperti
 
ip6tables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o tun0 -s fec0::/64 -j MASQUERADE
ip6tables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o teredo -s 2001:0:53aa:64c:20a7:659c:4b0c:e8d7 -j MASQUERADE
 
====IPv6 Destination NAT====
 
Sebuah dedicated IPv6 address global dapat di forward ke internal IPv6 address, seperti,
 
ip6tables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 2001:db8:0:1:5054:ff:fe01:2345 -i tun0 -j DNAT --to-destination fec0::5054:ff:fe01:2345
 
====IPv6 Port Forwarding====
 
Sebuah port yang spesifik dapat di forward ke jaringan internal, seperti,
 
ip6tables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i tun0 -p tcp --dport 8080 -j DNAT --to-destination [fec0::1234]:80
 
==Siapkan OS Ubuntu==
 
===Skenario 1: teredo dan Alokasi Stateless untuk LAN lokal===
 
'''Topology'''
 
Client --- e1-SERVER-e0 --- Internet
 
 
'''GATEWAY / Router ke Internet'''
 
Install teredo
 
sudo su
apt install miredo
/etc/init.d/miredo restart
 
Install radvd
 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s8/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/teredo/forwarding
 
ip addr add fec0:1234::dead/64 dev enp0s8
ifconfig enp0s8 up
sudo apt install radvd
 
Edit /etc/radvd.conf
 
interface enp0s8 {
        AdvSendAdvert on;
        prefix fec0:1234::/64 {
        };
};
 
Restart
 
/etc/init.d/radvd restart
 
NAT ke IPv6 Global
 
ip6tables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o teredo -s fec0:1234::/64 -j MASQUERADE
 
 
'''CLIENT'''
 
* interface menggunakan IPv6 automatic; IPv4 bisa di matikan.
* edit /etc/resolv.conf
 
# nameserver Google IPv6
nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8888
nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8844
 
===Skenario 2: 6project dan IPv6 Static LAN lokal===
 
'''Topology'''
 
Client --- e1-SERVER-e0 --- Internet
 
Alokasi IPv6 dari 6project.org hanya /80, hanya bisa untuk static LAN saja. Tidak bisa untuk yang lain.
 
 
'''GATEWAY / Router ke Internet'''
 
sudo su
apt update
apt install openvpn
openvpn --config usernameanda-di-6project.ovpn &
 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s8/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/tun0/forwarding
 
ip addr del 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/80 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:8000::1/81 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:0000::dead/81 dev enp0s8
ifconfig enp0s8 up
ip route add ::/0 dev tun0
 
 
Flush firewall
 
ip6tables -t nat -F
ip6tables -F
 
'''CLIENT'''
 
Supaya mudah sebaiknya setup client dilakukan menggunakan fasilitas konfigurasi jaringan yang GUI. Untuk client yang CLI dapat menggunakan perintah di bawah ini,
 
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:0000::123/81 dev eth0
ip route add ::/0 via 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:0000::dead
 
atau
 
ip route add ::/0 dev enp0s3
 
 
Edit /etc/resolv.conf
 
# nameserver Google IPv6
nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8888
nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8844
 
 
Cek
 
dig aaaa ipv6.google.com
ping6 ipv6.google.com
 
===Skenario 3: 6project alokasikan DHCPv6 LAN + ndp===
 
Disini alokasi IPv6 dari 6project di alokasikan menggunakan DHCPv6.
Tapi routing, proxy ndp semua harus di set manual supaya jalan. Sebetulnya mirip dengan static routing saja, tapi alokasi IPv6 via DHCPv6.
 
 
'''GATEWAY'''
 
Aktifkan neighbor discovery proxy (ndp)
 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/proxy_ndp
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/tun0/proxy_ndp
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/tun0/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/forwarding
 
Lakukan proxy ke masing2 IPv6 client, misalnya
 
openvpn --config XXXX.ovpn
ip addr del 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/80 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:8000::1/81 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::1/81 dev enp0s3
ip route add ::/0 dev tun0
ip route add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/81 enp0s3
 
ip -6 neigh add proxy 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::22 dev tun0
 
'''CLIENT'''
 
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::22/81 dev enp0s3
ip route add ::/0 via 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::1 dev enp0s3
 
dig aaaa ipv6.google.com
ping ipv6.google.com
 
===PROBLEM Skenario: 6project alokasikan DHCPv6 LAN===
 
'''CATATAN:'''
* DHCPv6 tampaknya hanya bisa mengalokasikan /128 harus di bantu RA utk < /128.
* Routing tidak di set
* RA juga tidak berfungsi untuk alokasi < /64, tadi harus di routing di konfigurasi manual.
 
 
openvpn --config usernameanda-di-6project.ovpn &
 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding
ip addr del 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/80 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:8000::1/81 dev tun0
ip route add ::/0 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::1/81 dev enp0s3
 
DHCPv6 server
apt install isc-dhcp-server
 
Edit /etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf
 
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
subnet6 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/81 {
        range6 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::1000 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::3000;
        range6 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/81 temporary;
        prefix6 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::1000 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::3000 /81;
}
 
chmod -Rf 777 /var/lib/dhcp/
chown -Rf nobody: /var/lib/dhcp/
dhcpd -6 -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf
 
Aktifkan radvd
 
sudo apt install radvd
 
Edit /etc/radvd.conf
 
interface enp0s3 {
        AdvSendAdvert on;
        prefix 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/81 {
        };
};
 
 
 
 
Flush firewall
 
ip6tables -t nat -F
ip6tables -F
 
 
'''CLIENT'''
 
===PROBELM Skenario: 6Project dan Alokasi Stateless untuk LAN lokal===
 
'''CATATAN:'''
* 6project.org hanya mengalokasikan /80
* /80 tidak bisa dipakai untuk Stateless menggunakan radvd
* radvd aman untuk alokasi /64 atau lebh besar.
 
 
'''GATEWAY / Router ke Internet'''
 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/tun0/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s8/forwarding
 
openvpn --config usernameanda-di-6project.ovpn &
 
ip addr del 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/80 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:8000::1/81 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:0000::dead/81 dev enp0s8
ip route add 2000::/3 via 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca::1 metric 1 dev tun0
ip route add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:0000::/81 dev enp0s8
 
sudo apt install radvd
 
Edit /etc/radvd.conf
 
interface enp0s8 {
        AdvSendAdvert on;
        AdvDefaultPreference high;
        prefix 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:0000::/81 {
        };
};
 
Restart
 
/etc/init.d/radvd restart
 
'''CLIENT'''
 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/accept_ra
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/accept_ra
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/accept_ra
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/accept_ra_from_local
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/accept_ra_from_local
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/accept_ra_from_local
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/accept_ra_defrtr
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/accept_ra_defrtr
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/accept_ra_defrtr
 
==Pranala Menarik==
 
* [[IPv6]]

Latest revision as of 23:11, 25 March 2019

Berikut adalah langkah yang perlu dilakukan untuk membuat sebuah router IPv6 sederhana menggunakan Ubuntu.


Akses ke IPv6 Internet

Perhitungan Subnet IPv6


NAT IPv6

Jika dibutuhkan, maka netfilter6 dapat digunakan sebagai NAT IPv6.

IPv6 Masquerading

Seperti layaknya client IPv4, maka client dapat di sembunyikan di belakang router dengan IPv6 masquerading (hide/overlap NAT), seperti 

ip6tables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o tun0 -s fec0::/64 -j MASQUERADE
ip6tables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o teredo -s 2001:0:53aa:64c:20a7:659c:4b0c:e8d7 -j MASQUERADE

IPv6 Destination NAT

Sebuah dedicated IPv6 address global dapat di forward ke internal IPv6 address, seperti, 

ip6tables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 2001:db8:0:1:5054:ff:fe01:2345 -i tun0 -j DNAT --to-destination fec0::5054:ff:fe01:2345

IPv6 Port Forwarding

Sebuah port yang spesifik dapat di forward ke jaringan internal, seperti, 

ip6tables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i tun0 -p tcp --dport 8080 -j DNAT --to-destination [fec0::1234]:80

Siapkan OS Ubuntu

Skenario 1: teredo dan Alokasi Stateless untuk LAN lokal

Topology 

Client --- e1-SERVER-e0 --- Internet


GATEWAY / Router ke Internet

Install teredo 

sudo su
apt install miredo
/etc/init.d/miredo restart

Install radvd 

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/forwarding 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s8/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/teredo/forwarding 

ip addr add fec0:1234::dead/64 dev enp0s8
ifconfig enp0s8 up
sudo apt install radvd

Edit /etc/radvd.conf 

interface enp0s8 {
        AdvSendAdvert on;
        prefix fec0:1234::/64 {
        };
};

Restart 

/etc/init.d/radvd restart

NAT ke IPv6 Global 

ip6tables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o teredo -s fec0:1234::/64 -j MASQUERADE


CLIENT

  • interface menggunakan IPv6 automatic; IPv4 bisa di matikan.
  • edit /etc/resolv.conf
# nameserver Google IPv6
nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8888
nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8844

Skenario 2: 6project dan IPv6 Static LAN lokal

Topology 

Client --- e1-SERVER-e0 --- Internet

Alokasi IPv6 dari 6project.org hanya /80, hanya bisa untuk static LAN saja. Tidak bisa untuk yang lain.


GATEWAY / Router ke Internet 

sudo su
apt update
apt install openvpn
openvpn --config usernameanda-di-6project.ovpn &

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/forwarding 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s8/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/tun0/forwarding 

ip addr del 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/80 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:8000::1/81 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:0000::dead/81 dev enp0s8
ifconfig enp0s8 up
ip route add ::/0 dev tun0


Flush firewall 

ip6tables -t nat -F
ip6tables -F

CLIENT

Supaya mudah sebaiknya setup client dilakukan menggunakan fasilitas konfigurasi jaringan yang GUI. Untuk client yang CLI dapat menggunakan perintah di bawah ini, 

ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:0000::123/81 dev eth0
ip route add ::/0 via 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:0000::dead

atau 

ip route add ::/0 dev enp0s3


Edit /etc/resolv.conf 

# nameserver Google IPv6
nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8888
nameserver 2001:4860:4860::8844


Cek 

dig aaaa ipv6.google.com
ping6 ipv6.google.com

Skenario 3: 6project alokasikan DHCPv6 LAN + ndp

Disini alokasi IPv6 dari 6project di alokasikan menggunakan DHCPv6. Tapi routing, proxy ndp semua harus di set manual supaya jalan. Sebetulnya mirip dengan static routing saja, tapi alokasi IPv6 via DHCPv6.


GATEWAY

Aktifkan neighbor discovery proxy (ndp) 

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/proxy_ndp
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/tun0/proxy_ndp
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/tun0/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/forwarding

Lakukan proxy ke masing2 IPv6 client, misalnya 

openvpn --config XXXX.ovpn
ip addr del 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/80 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:8000::1/81 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::1/81 dev enp0s3
ip route add ::/0 dev tun0
ip route add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/81 enp0s3

ip -6 neigh add proxy 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::22 dev tun0

CLIENT 

ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::22/81 dev enp0s3
ip route add ::/0 via 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::1 dev enp0s3

dig aaaa ipv6.google.com
ping ipv6.google.com

PROBLEM Skenario: 6project alokasikan DHCPv6 LAN

CATATAN:

  • DHCPv6 tampaknya hanya bisa mengalokasikan /128 harus di bantu RA utk < /128.
  • Routing tidak di set
  • RA juga tidak berfungsi untuk alokasi < /64, tadi harus di routing di konfigurasi manual.


openvpn --config usernameanda-di-6project.ovpn &

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding 
ip addr del 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/80 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:8000::1/81 dev tun0
ip route add ::/0 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::1/81 dev enp0s3

DHCPv6 server 

apt install isc-dhcp-server

Edit /etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf 

default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
subnet6 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/81 {
        range6 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::1000 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::3000;
        range6 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/81 temporary;
        prefix6 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::1000 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::3000 /81;
}

chmod -Rf 777 /var/lib/dhcp/
chown -Rf nobody: /var/lib/dhcp/
dhcpd -6 -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd6.conf

Aktifkan radvd 

sudo apt install radvd

Edit /etc/radvd.conf 

interface enp0s3 {
        AdvSendAdvert on;
        prefix 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/81 {
        };
};



Flush firewall 

ip6tables -t nat -F
ip6tables -F


CLIENT

PROBELM Skenario: 6Project dan Alokasi Stateless untuk LAN lokal

CATATAN:

  • 6project.org hanya mengalokasikan /80
  • /80 tidak bisa dipakai untuk Stateless menggunakan radvd
  • radvd aman untuk alokasi /64 atau lebh besar.


GATEWAY / Router ke Internet 

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/tun0/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/forwarding
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s8/forwarding

openvpn --config usernameanda-di-6project.ovpn &

ip addr del 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8::/80 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:8000::1/81 dev tun0
ip addr add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:0000::dead/81 dev enp0s8
ip route add 2000::/3 via 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca::1 metric 1 dev tun0
ip route add 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:0000::/81 dev enp0s8

sudo apt install radvd

Edit /etc/radvd.conf 

interface enp0s8 {
        AdvSendAdvert on;
        AdvDefaultPreference high;
        prefix 2a07:1c44:212:c0ca:87e8:0000::/81 {
        };
};

Restart 

/etc/init.d/radvd restart

CLIENT 

echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/accept_ra
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/accept_ra
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/accept_ra
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/accept_ra_from_local 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/accept_ra_from_local 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/accept_ra_from_local
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/all/accept_ra_defrtr 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/default/accept_ra_defrtr 
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/enp0s3/accept_ra_defrtr

Pranala Menarik

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