NFS: Konfigurasi Server

Pendahuluan

Network File System (NFS) merupakan salah satu layanan jaringan yang banyak digunakan. NFS memungkinkan client untuk menempelkan harddisk yang ada di jaringan.

Skenario

Dalam skenario ini kita akan menempelkan harddisk yang ada di linuxconfig.org (IP address 10.1.1.200) ke client IP address 10.1.1.100).

Persyaratan

Install NFS

apt-get install nfs-common nfs-kernel-server

Pastikan mesin kita mendukung NFS ketik

$ cat /proc/filesystems 

keluar

nodev	nfs
nodev	nfs4
nodev	nfsd

NFS daemon harusnya mendengerkan port 2049 dan portmap pada port 111.

more /etc/services | grep 111

keluar

sunrpc		111/tcp		portmapper	# RPC 4.0 portmapper
sunrpc		111/udp		portmapper

more /etc/services | grep 2049

keluar

nfs		2049/tcp			# Network File System
nfs		2049/udp			# Network File System

Cara lain untuk cek menggunakan

rpcinfo -p  

keluar

  program vers proto   port
   100000    2   tcp    111  portmapper
   100000    2   udp    111  portmapper
   100024    1   udp  56835  status
   100024    1   tcp  53408  status
   100021    1   udp  50903  nlockmgr
   100021    3   udp  50903  nlockmgr
   100021    4   udp  50903  nlockmgr
   100021    1   tcp  36404  nlockmgr
   100021    3   tcp  36404  nlockmgr
   100021    4   tcp  36404  nlockmgr
   100003    2   udp   2049  nfs
   100003    3   udp   2049  nfs
   100003    4   udp   2049  nfs
   100003    2   tcp   2049  nfs
   100003    3   tcp   2049  nfs
   100003    4   tcp   2049  nfs

4. Server export file

All NFS server exports need to be defined in /etc/exports file. 4.1. Most common exports options

Here are the most common export techniques and options: /home/nfs/ 10.1.1.100(rw,sync) export /home/nfs directory for host with IP 10.1.1.100 with read, write permissions, and synchronized mode /home/nfs/ 10.1.1.0/24(ro,sync) export /home/nfs directory for network 10.1.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 with read only permissions and synchronized mode /home/nfs/ 10.1.1.100(rw,sync) 10.1.1.10(ro,sync) export /home/nfs directory for host with IP 10.1.1.100 with read, write permissions, synchronized mode, and also export /home/nfs directory for hosts with IP 10.1.1.10 with read only permissions and synchronized mode /home/nfs/ 10.1.1.100(rw,sync,no_root_squash) export /home/nfs directory for host with IP 10.1.1.100 with read, write permissions, synchronized mode and the remote root user will be treated as a root and will be able to change any file and directory. /home/nfs/ *(ro,sync) export /home/nfs directory for any host with a read only permission and synchronized mode /home/nfs/ *.linuxconfig.org(ro,sync) export /home/nfs directory for any host within linuxconfig.org domain with a read only permission and synchronized mode /home/nfs/ foobar(rw,sync) export /home/nfs directory for hostname foobar with read, write permissions and synchronized mode 4.2. Edit exports file

Open up your favorite text editor, for example, vim and edit /etc/exports file and add line /home/nfs/ *(ro,sync) to export /home/nfs directory for any host with read only permissions. edit NFS exports file

Be sure that the directory you export by NFS exists. You can also create a file inside the /home/nfs directory which will help you troubleshoot once you mount this file system remotely.

# touch /home/nfs/test_file 

4.3. Restart NFS daemon

Once you edit /etc/exports file you need to restart NFS daemon to apply changes in the /etc/exports file. Depending on your Linux distribution, the restarting of NFS may differ. Debian users:

# /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart 

Redhat users

# /etc/init.d/nfs restart 

If you later decide to add more NFS exports to the /etc/exports file, you will need to either restart NFS daemon or run command exportfs:

# exportfs -ra 

Referensi

• http://www.linuxconfig.org/HowTo_configure_NFS

Pranala Menarik

• NFS: Mempersiapkan Ubuntu Untuk NFS
• NFS: Konfigurasi Server
• NFS: Konfigurasi Client
• NFS: Penggunaan nfswatch